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Newtonian Physics
We Americans assume that our economic system will always scamper to provide us with the products we want. Special orders don’t upset us! I want my MTV! The truth is more complicated, especially in our education system, which is paid for by the students but controlled by the professoriate. Witness the perverse success of the bloated science textbook. The newspapers continue to compare our system unfavorably to Japanese and European education, where depth is emphasized over breadth, but we can’t seem to create a physics textbook that covers a manageable number of topics for a one-year course and gives honest explanations of everything it touches on.
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New Developments in Quantum Field Theory
Quantum field theory is one of most central constructions in 20th century theoretical physics, and it continues to develop rapidly in many different directions. The aim of the workshop “New Developments in Quantum Field Theory”, which was held in Zakopane, Poland, June 14-20, 1997, was to capture a broad selection of the most recent advances in this field. The conference was sponsored by the Scientific and Environmental Affairs Division of NATO, as part of the Advanced Research Workshop series. This book contains the proceedings of that meeting. Major topics covered at the workshop include quantized theories of gravity, string theory, conformal field theory, cosmology, field theory approaches to critical phenomena and the renormalization group, matrix models, and field theory techniques applied to the theory of turbulence.
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МАҲАЛЛИЙ ХОМАШЁЛАР АСОСИДА РУХ ХЛОРИД ОЛИШ ТЕХНОЛОГИЯСИНИ ЯРАТИШ
Ҳозирги вактда жаҳонда чиқиндисиз технологияларни жорий этиб, таркибида рух бўлган хомашёлардан тўлиқ фойдаланган ҳолда юқори навли рух ишлаб чикаришга катта эътибор қаратилмоқда. Дунёда рух ишлаб чиқаришнинг умумий ҳажми йилига 8 млн тоннани ташкил этади. Бу борада рух бирикмалари, жумладан рух хлориди алоҳида ўрин тутади. Рух хлориди антисептик сифатида мато, картонларни шимдиришда, шпал, тиш цементи компоненти, галваник батарейкаларда, пайвандлаш ишларининг сифатини оширишда кенг қўлланилиши билан муҳим амалий аҳамиятга эга.
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Думай медленно… решай быстро
Наши действия и поступки определены нашими мыслями. Но всегда ли мы контролируем наше мышление? Нобелевский лауреат Даниэль Канеман объясняет, почему мы подчас совершаем нерациональные поступки и как мы принимаем неверные решения.
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NANOTUBES AND NANOWIRES
The field of nanotubes and nanowires is evolving at a rapid pace, with many potential applications in electronics, optics, and sensors, to name a few. In this special issue, several groups summarize some of these potential applications, although the list is by no means extensive. Rather, it is meant to serve as a flavor of and snapshot of the current state of the art in the field of nanowires and nanotubes. There is an ample mix of experimental, theoretical, and visionary material in this book to give the reader an indication of where the field is now, and where it is going. Two chapters on the electrostatics and quantum properties of Id FETs provide a snapshot of the understanding of device physics. One of the chapters focuses on a particular materials system (ZnO) for nanowire technology. Three chapters point to some of the potential applications, including sensors, memory, and high frequency electronics and systems.
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МАҲАЛЛИЙ ХОМАШЁЛАР АСОСИДА ОЛИНГАН ИОНИТЛАРНИНГ ОРАЛИҚ МЕТАЛЛАР БИЛАН КОМПЛЕКСЛАРИ
Дунёда ишлаб чикариладиган полимер-металл комплекслар одатий металл катализаторларига қараганда активлиги юқорироқ бўлган катализаторлар сифатида органик реакцияларни олиб боришда кенг қўлланилиб келинмоқда. Бунга сабаб полимерлар сиртига металл атомлари нано ўлчамда эканлиги учун металл атомларининг умумий юзаси одатий ҳолатдаги металларга нисбатан жуда юқори бўлганлигидадир. Бундай полимер-металл катализаторлар ўзининг юқори самарадорлиги ва селективлиги билан ажралиб туради. Шунинг учун кимёвий жараёнларии сифатли ва юкори самарадорликда олиб бориш учун бундай турдаги катализаторлардан фойдаланиш алоҳида аҳамият касб этади.
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2020-2021-O‘QUV YILIDА UMUMIY O‘RTА TА’LIM MАKTАBLАRINING 11-SINF O‘QUVCHILАRI UCHUN YAKUNIY NAZORAT IMTIHONINI O‘TKAZISH BO‘YICHA FIZIKA FАNIDАN METODIK TAVSIYA VA MАTЕRIАLLАR
Mazkur metodik tavsiyada yakuniy nazorat imtihonini o‘tkazish bo‘yicha ko‘rsatmalar berilgan. Shuningdek, nazariy savollar, amaliy va laboratoriya ishlari bo‘yicha baholash mezonlari keltirilgan. Har bir imtihon bileti umumiy o‘rta ta’lim maktablaridagi 10-11-sinflari fizika bo‘yicha mavzularini qamrab olgan. Umumiy o‘rtа tа’lim mаktаblаrida 2020-2021 o‘quv yilidа 11- sinfni tugаtgаn o‘quvchilаrning fizikа fаnidаn egаllаshi lоzim bo‘lgаn bilim, ko‘nikmа, mаlаkаlarini аniqlаsh mаqsаdidа yakuniy аttеstаtsiya bilet savollari shaklida o'g'zaki usulda o‘tkаzilаdi.
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Магический пофигизм: как перестать париться обо всем на свете и стать счастливым прямо сейчас
Эта книга – о пофигизме. Признаюсь, для испытания моего метода мне пришлось распрощаться с множеством вещей, задач, событий, занятий и людей. Вы можете не согласиться с моим выбором. Дело ваше. Возможно, кто-то узнает себя на этих страницах – особенно это относится к родителям малышей, энтузиастам караоке, моим друзьям, родственникам или бывшим коллегам
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Прикладные задачи на экстремумы в курсе математики 4-8 классов.
Предлагаемый сборник прикладных задач на экстремумы призван оказать помощь учителям в решении прблемы повышения эффективности обучения математике.
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NANOSTRUCTURES & NANOMATERIALS
Nanotechnology is design, fabrication and application of nanostructures or nanomaterials, and the fundamental understanding of the relationships between physical properties or phenomena and material dimensions. Nanotechnology deals with materials or structures in nanometer scales, typically ranging from subnanometers to several hundred nanometers. One nanometer is 1 0-3 micrometer or meter. Nanotechnology is a new field or a new scientific domain. Similar to quantum mechanics, on nanometer scale, materials or structures may possess new physical properties or exhibit new physical phenomena. Some of these properties are already known. For example, band gaps of semiconductors can be tuned by varying material dimension. There may be many more unique physical properties not known to us yet. These new physical properties or phenomena will not only satisfy everlasting human curiosity, but also promise new advancement in technology. For example, ultra-strong ultra-light multifunctional materials may be made from hierarchical nanostructures. Nanotechnology also promises the possibility of creating nanostructures of metastable phases with non-conventional properties including superconductivity and magnetism. Yet another very important aspect of nanotechnology is the miniaturization of current and new instruments, sensors and machines that will greatly impact the world we live in.
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МАҲАЛЛИЙ ХОМАШЁ РЕСУРСЛАРИ АСОСИДА МОЙЛОВЧИ ГИЛЛИ БУРҒИЛАШ ЭРИТМАЛАРИНИ ОЛИШ ТЕХНОЛОГИЯСИНИ ТАКОМИЛЛАШТИРИШ ВА УЛАРНИНГ ҚЎЛЛАНИЛИШИ
Бутун дунёда чукур нефт ва газ қудуқларини бурғулаш жараёнларини такомиллаштириш бўйича илмий-тадқиқот ишлари олиб борилмоқда, бундай қудуқлардаги юқори ҳарорат металл ускуналарни емирилишга ва уни авариявий ҳолатга олиб келади. Бурғу ва бурғулаш қурилмасининг бошқа айланувчи элементларига юқори ҳароратли таъсирни камайтириш мақсадида уларни, синтетик ва табиий усулларда олинадиган ёғлар билан мойлаш тавсия этилади. Улардан табиий усулда олинган ёғлар нисбатан қулай ва арзонроқ мойловчи хом-ашё ҳисобланади, чунки улар асосан маҳаллий мойлар, шунингдек чиқиндиларидан олинади.
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NOANA’NAVIY VA QAYTA TIKLANUVCHI ENERGIYA MANBALARI
Inson ta’siri natijasida dunyo o‘zgarmoqda. Insoniyatning organik energetik resurslarni o‘ylamasdan energetikada, transportda, katta zavod va fabrikalarda qo‘llashi, atom energetikasi hamda katta shaharlar chiqindilarini dunyo okeaniga tashlanishi natijasida atrof-muhit o‘zgarmoqda. Er yuzida iqlimning o‘zgarishi kuzatilmoqda, mangu muzliklar erimoqda, shaharlar suv ostida qolmoqda, o‘rmonlar yonmoqda. Er yuzining juda ko‘p mamlakatlarida insonlarni ichimlik suvining etishmasligi, qurg‘oqchilik va ocharchilik qiynamoqda, yangi-yangi kasalliklar paydo bo‘lmoqda. YUqorida keltirilgan salbiy o‘zgarishlarning barchasi, millionlab yillar tabiat tomonidan o‘rnatilgan tabiiy muvozanatni insoniyat tomonidan o‘ylamasdan buzulishi natijasida yuz bermoqda. SHuning uchun ham ulug‘ ingliz faylasufi Frensis Bekon «Tabiat faqatgina unga bo‘ysunish bilan engiladi» degan edi
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NEFT VA GAZ MAHSULOTLARINING FIZIK-KIMYOVTY TAHLILI
Fizik va fizik-kiniyoviy talilil LisLillarini o'rganish hozirgi kiinda ko‘pcliilik texnika oliy o‘qiiv yiirtlarining, ayiiiqsa, neft va gazni qayta ishlash yo‘iialishi bo‘yiclia tahsi! olayotgan injencr-texnoiog tayyoriaydigan ixtisosliklarning o'qiiv dastitrlaridan imistahkam o ‘rin oigan. Tahliining fizik va fizik-kimyoviy usullari bir-birini toMdiradi. Neff va gaz mahsulotlaridan olingan nuirakkab organik moddalarning tuzilisbini aniqiashda kimyoviy iisuliar bilan bir qaiorda, tahliining fizik-kimyoviy iisLillaridan keng foydalanilnioqda. Fizikkimyoviy usullar kimyoviy iisullarga qaraganda bir qancha afzalliklarga ega;
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NAZARIY MEXANIKA FANIDAN MISOL VA MASALALAR YECHISH USLUBLARI
Ushbu uslubiy ko‘rsatma “Nazariy mеxanika” fani bo‘yicha Oliy va o‘rta maxsus ta’lim vazirligi tasdiqlagan namunaviy dastur asosida tayyorlangan bo‘lib, unda ikkinchi oliy ta’lim, sirtqi va maxsus sirtqi bo‘lim talabalari uchun “Statika”, “Kinematika” va “Dinamika” bo‘limlari bo‘yicha amaliy mashg‘ulotlar, talabalarning mustaqil loyiha-hisoblash ishlari uchun topshiriqlar, shuningdek, har bir topshiriq mavzulariga oid asosiy tushunchalar va ularni bajarish namunalari bеrilgan. Ko‘rsatma fanning barcha bo‘limlaridan ba’zi mavzularini qamrab olgan va bu mavzular mazmuni aniq misollar yordamida yoritilgan.
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Nanoscale Science and Technology
In the two years since we first started planning this book, so much has been written about nanotechnology that the subject really needs no introduction. Nanotechnology has been one of the first major new technologies to develop in the internet age, and as such has been the topic of thousands of unregulated, unrefereed websites, discussion sites and the like. In other words, much has been written, but not all is necessarily true. The press has also made its own, unique contribution: ‘nanotechnology will turn us all into grey goo’ makes for a good story (in some newspapers at least), and then there’s the 1960s image of nanotechnology, still present today, of Raquel Welch transported in a nanosubmarine through the bloodstream of an unsuspecting patient. This book isn’t about any of that! One thing that the recent press coverage of nanotechnology has achieved is to draw attention to the possible hazards which accompany any new technology and to pose relevant questions about the likely impact of the various facets of nanotechnology on our society. Whilst we would certainly encourage investigation and discussion of such issues, they do not fall within the remit of this book.
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NAZARIY МЕХА NIKA fanidan qisqa masalalar to‘plami
Kitobda nazariy m exanikaning barcha qismlariga oid bo‘lgan, jami b o 'lib 1757 ta, shu jum ladan, statika qism ida449 ta, kinematika qismida 434 ta va dinamikada 874 ta m asalalar mavjud. Ushbu kitob o 'zin in g tuzilishi va mazmuniga ko'ra, (alabalarni o ‘z bilim larini mustaqil ravishda mustahkamlashlarida, test sinovlarini operativ ravishda olib borishda, am aliy mashg'ulotlar jarayonida qisqa vaqt ichida reyting nazoratlarini o ‘tkazishda asosiy vosita bo'lib xizm at qilishga qaratilgan. Barcha m asalalam ing javoblari asl nusxadagi bitta natija shaklida keltirilgan. Bunga sabab, O liy o'quv yurtlarida joriy etilgan reyting baholashga juda qo‘l keladi