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Adabiyot. Adabiyotshunoslik. Xalq og‘zaki ijodiyoti
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Qurilish. Arxitektura
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Lecture Notes on General Relativity
These lectures represent an introductory graduate course in general relativity, both its foundations and applications. They are a lightly edited version of notes I handed out while teaching Physics 8.962, the graduate course in GR at MIT, during the Spring of 1996. Although they are appropriately called “lecture notes”, the level of detail is fairly high, either including all necessary steps or leaving gaps that can readily be filled in by the reader. Nevertheless, there are various ways in which these notes differ from a textbook; most importantly, they are not organized into short sections that can be approached in various orders, but are meant to be gone through from start to finish. A special effort has been made to maintain a conversational tone, in an attempt to go slightly beyond the bare results themselves and into the context in which they belong.
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КОРХОНАЛАР ТАШҚИ ИҚТИСОДИЙ ФАОЛИЯТИДА ХАЛҚАРО МАРКЕТИНГНИ ФАОЛЛАШТИРИШНИНГ МЕТОДОЛОГИК АСОСЛАРИНИ ТАКОМИЛЛАШТИРИШ
Жаҳонда иктисодий муносабатларнинг глобаллашуви шароитида миллий иқтисодиёт рақобатбардошлигини таъминлашда халкаро маркетинг восита ва дастакларидан самарали фойдаланиш борасида илмий тадкикот ишлари олиб борилмоқда. Корхоналарнинг ташқи иқтисодий фаолияти самарадорлигини ошириш, трансмиллий корпорацияларнинг молиявий- хўжалик натижаларига аҳамиятли таъсир кўрсатувчи инновацион бошқарув усулларини жорий этиш, хўжалик юритувчи субъектлар фаолиятини ташкил этишда халқаро маркетингнинг махсус усулларини қўллаш, уларни фаоллаштиришнинг методологик асосларини такомиллаштириш тизими ва механизмларини ишлаб чиқиш илмий тадқиқотнинг муҳим йўналишларидан ҳисобланади.
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O’ZBEKISTONNING ENG YANGI TARIXI
O’quv qullanmada O‘zbekistonning eng yangi tarixi biz uchun, avvalo, mamlakatimizning 1991-yildan keyin bosib o‘tgan tarixiy yo‘li mohiyati va mazmunini anglab yetish muhimdir. Bu jarayon qanday borganligini, mamlakatimiz mustaqillik arafasida va uning dastlabki yillarida qanday muammolarga duch kelganini tushunib yetish muhim. O‘zbekistonning eng yangi tarixini o‘rganishda jamiyatni ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy isloh qilishdagi o‘zbek modelining konseptual asoslarini idrok etish, davlatimizning global va mintaqaviy integratsiya jarayonlarida ishtiroki bilan bog‘liq masalalarning to‘g‘ri va haqqoniy tahlilini xalqimiz va kelajak avlodga yetkazishning nazariy va amaliy jihatlari va uni tashkil qilishning xususiyatlari yoritilgan.
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C*-Algebras and Quantum Mechanics
Hilbert's memoirs on integral equations appeared between 1904 and 1906. In 1908 his student E. Schmidt defined the space ( in the modern sense. F. Riesz studied the space of all continuous line ar maps on (1912), and various examples of L-spaces emerged around the same time. However, the abstract concept of a Hilbert space was still missing. Heisenberg discovered a form of quantum mechanics, which at the time was called 'matris mechanics. Schrödinger was led to a different formulation of the theory, which he called 'wave mechanics. The relationship and possible equivalence between these alternative formulations of quantum mechanics, which at first sight looked completely different, was much discussed at the time, It was clear from either approach that the body of work mentioned in the previous paragraph was relevant to quantum mechanics. Heisenberg's paper initiating matrix mechanics was followed by the Dreimännerarbeit' of Born, Heisenberg, and Jondan (1926); all three were in Göttingen at that time. Born was one of the few physicists of his tane to he familiar with the concept of a matrix; in previous research he had even used infinite matrices (Heisenberg's fundamental equations could only be satisfied by in finite-dimensional matrices). Born turned to his former teacher Hilbert for mathematical advice. Hilbert had been interested in the mathematical structure of physical theories for a long time; his Sixth Problem (1900) called for the mathematical axiomatization of physics. Aided by his assistants Nordheim and von Neumann, Hilbert thus ran a seminar on the mathematical structure of quantum mechanics, and the three wrote a joint paper on the subject (now obsolete).
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Таржималар. 3-жилд
Таниқли шоир Абдуҳамид Парда Танланган асарлари учинчи жилдидан асосан жаҳон шеъриятидан қилган таржималари жой олган. Шунингдек, мазкур тўпламдан машҳур адибларнинг эссе, мақола ва хатлари ҳамда улар билан адабий суҳбатлар таржималари ҳам ўрин олган.
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Fizika
Masala mazmunidan kelib chiqib chizma chizamiz hamda chang`ichining ilgarilanma harakatini xarakterlovchi kinematik kattaliklarni chizmada ko’rsatamiz. Ilgarilanma harakat kinematikasidan foydalanib,sharcha harakatining kinematik tenglamasini vektor ko’rinishida yozib olamiz:
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Matematik analizdan ma'ruzalar II qism
Qo'lingizdagi o'quv qo'llanma «Matematik analizdan ma'ruzalan (1- qism) kitobning davomi bo'lib, dastur materiallari 6 bob, 39 ta ma'ruzaga ajratib bayon qilingan. Bu ikkinchi qism ko'p o'zgaruvchili funksiya, uning limiti, uzluksizligi, differensial va integral hisobi, funksional ketma-ketlik, funksional qatorlar mavzularini o'z ichiga oladi.
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LASER LIGHT DYNAMICS
Before you read this book, and even its preface, the following remarks might be useful to you. Since this book is "Volume 2" you may be inclined to believe that you must know all the contents of "Volume 1" before you can start reading (and, of course, understanding) "Volume 2". But this is not the case. The present "Volume 2" again starts at a rather elementary level, and then proceeds step by step to more difficult matters. Only at these later stages some more advanced theoretical background is required which then can be taken from "Volume I". I have chosen this way of presentation to make the theory of laser light accessible to a broad audience-ranging from students at the beginning of their graduate studies to professors and scientists interested in recent developments. For details on the relations between the chapters of these books consult the list at the end of the introduction.
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Висол
Шоир Абдуҳамид Парданинг шеърлари самимият билан йўғрилган. Янги «Висол» тўплами асосан лирик шеърлардан иборат. Уларда инcон қалбининг ранг-баранг жилолари шоирона ифода этилган.
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Lagrangian Mechanics, Dynamics, and Control
These notes deal primarily with the subject of Lagrangian mechanics. Matters related to mechanics are the dynamics and control of mechanical systems. While dynamics of Lagrangian systems is a generally well-founded field, control for Lagrangian systems has less of a history. In consequence, the control theory we discuss here is quite elementary, and does not really touch upon some of the really challenging aspects of the subject. However, it is hoped that it will serve to give a flavour of the subject so that people can see if the area is one which they’d like to pursue.
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SANOAT KORXONALARINING SUV TA‟MINOTI VA KANALIZASIYASI
Darslikda sanoat korxonalarining suv ta‟minoti tizimlari va tasvirlari, suv tayyorlash texnologiyasi va usullari, aylanma suvni sovutish va uning sifatini yaxshilash usullari va qurilmalari, quvurlar va uskunalarda cho‟kma, quyqa va korroziya hosil bo‟lishini bartaraf etish bo‟yicha asosiy ma‟lumotlar keltirilgan. Undan tashqari sanoat korxonalarining kanalizatsiya tizimlari va tasvirlari, oqova suvlarni tozalash va zararsizlantirish usullari hamda inshootlar tarkibi, suvlarni tozalashda hosil bo‟ladigan cho‟kmalarga ishlov berish va utilizasiya qilish masalalari hamda ba‟zi soha sanoat korxonalarining suv ta‟minoti va kanalizatsiyasi bayon qilingan. Darslik 70710404 – “Oqova suvlarni tozalash va suv resurslarini muhofaza qilish” mutaxassisligi magistrantlari uchun mo„ljallangan. Darslikdan sanoat korxonalarining suv ta‟minoti va kanalizatsiyasi kurslarini o‟qiyatgan boshqa talaba va magistrantlar ham foydalanishi mumkin.
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LAGRANGIAN AND HAMILTONIAN MECHANICS
This book grew out of notes for a one-semester course in classical mechanics which I have taught for many years to senior and, more recently, junior physics students at Dalhousie University. These students have norinally taken one semester in mechanics at the introductory level and one semester at the second year level; my course is their final exposure to mechanics as undergraduates. The original aim of the course was to introduce the student, in the more familiar setting of classical mechanics, to those ideas and terms which he or she would later encounter in modified form in quantum mechanics: Lagrangian, action, Hamiltonian, Poisson brackets, canonical transformations, etc. In recent years, with the resurgence of interest in mechanics, especially non-linear dynamics, the emphasis of the course has shifted somewhat to include these contemporary developments as well.
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GIDROTEXNIKA INSHOOTLARI
M azkur o ‘quv qo'llanma suv dim lovchi va suv o'tkazuvchi inshootlar, gidrotexnika inshootlarining zatvorlari, m exanik jihozlari, to'g'onlar, suv omborlari va gidrouzellarda inshootlam ing joylashuvi haqida batafsil ma’lum otlar beradi. Qollanmada tegishli m avzular bo'yicha am aliy va laboratoriya m ashg'ulotlariga d o ir misol va m asalalar ham keltirilgan. Qo'llanma amaldagi dastur asosida yozilgan bo'lib, kasb-hunar kollejlarining «Suv xo'jaligi va melioratsiya, «Gidrotexnika qurilishi» yo'nalishlari bo'yicha ta ’lim olayotgan talabalariga m o'ljallangan b o 'lib , u ndan m azkur sohaga qiziquvchi m utaxassislar ham foydalanishlari mumkin.
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Лидерлик ва ташкилот маданияти
Фаннинг асосий ўрганиш объекти бошқарув фаолияти билан боғлиқ ходимларнинг ўз касби, муассаса орқали жамият ва ватанга хизмат қилиш, аҳоли ижтимоий турмушини яхшилаш, соҳани ривожлантиришга ҳисса қўшиш даражасини ошириш масалаларини қамраб олган.
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FIZIKADAN QISQACHA MA'LUMOTΝΟΜΑ
Ushbu ma'lumotnomada "Elementar fizika kursi" ning deyarli barcha mavzulari qisqacha yoritilgan. Uning ba'zi joylarida anchagina kerakli bo'lgan natijalar isboti bilan ko'rsatilgan. Bundan maqsad o'quvchini ko'r ko'rona formulalardan foydalanishga emas, balki qonuniyatlarning ma'nosini chuqurroq anglashga undashdan iboratdir. Biz sizdan darsimizda o'tilayotgan barcha mavzularga bu ma'lumotnamani hamroh qilib yurishingizni so'raymiz. Bu ma'lumotnomani yozishda ayniqsa mavzulardagi mos rasmlarni kompyuterda chizish anchagina qiyin bo'lganligi uchun ba'zi joylarda xato va kamchiliklar bo'lishi mumkin. Buning uchun sizlardan oldindan uzr so'raymiz. Biz butun o'quv kursimizdagi darslar davomida bu xato va kamchliklarni tuzatib va to'ldirib borishga harakat qilamiz. Sizlarga esa mukammal bilim egalari bo'lish uchun qilayotgan barcha intilishlaringizga kuch-g'ayrat tilaymiz.
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